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The Last Samurai is a 2003 epic period action drama film directed and co-produced by Edward Zwick, who also co-wrote the screenplay with John Logan and Marshall Herskovitz from a story devised by Logan. The film stars Ken Watanabe in the title role, with Tom Cruise, who also co-produced, as a soldier-turned-samurai who befriends him, and Timothy Spall, Billy Connolly, Tony Goldwyn, Hiroyuki Sanada, Koyuki, and Shin Koyamada in supporting roles.
Tom Cruise portrays an American captain of the 7th Cavalry Regiment, whose personal and emotional conflicts bring him into contact with samurai warriors in the wake of the Meiji Restoration in 19th century Japan. The film s plot was inspired by the 1877 Satsuma Rebellion led by Saigō Takamori, and the Westernization of Japan by foreign powers, though in the film the United States is portrayed as the primary force behind the push for Westernization. It is also influenced by the stories of Jules Brunet, a French Imperial Guard sub-lieutenant who fought alongside Enomoto Takeaki in the earlier Boshin War; Philip Kearny, a United States Army (Union Army) major general and French Imperial Guard soldier, notable for his leadership in the American Civil War, who fought against the Tututni tribe in the Rogue River Wars in Oregon; and, to a lesser extent, by Frederick Townsend Ward, an American mercenary who helped Westernize the Chinese army by forming the Ever Victorious Army.
The Last Samurai grossed a total of $456 million at the box office and was well-received upon its release, receiving praise for the acting (particularly from Cruise and Watanabe), writing, directing, score, visuals, set design, costumes, and messages, but criticized in Japan for a romanticized storybook portrayal of the samurai, who are regarded as having been more corrupt. It was nominated for several awards, including four Academy Awards, three Golden Globe Awards, and two National Board of Review Awards.
Plot
In 1876, former U.S. Army Captain Nathan Algren, a bitter alcoholic traumatized by the atrocities he committed during the American Indian Wars, is approached by his former commanding officer Colonel Bagley to train the newly created Imperial Japanese Army for a forward-thinking Japanese businessman, Omura, who intends to use the army to suppress a Samurai-headed rebellion against Japan s new emperor. Despite his hatred of Bagley for his role in the Indian Wars, an impoverished Algren takes the job for the money, and is accompanied to Japan by his old friend, Sergeant Zebulon Gant. Upon arriving, Algren meets Simon Graham, a British translator knowledgeable about the samurai.
Algren finds the Imperial soldiers are little more than conscripted peasants with no discipline and shoddy training. While teaching them to shoot, Algren is informed that the samurai are attacking one of Omura s railroads; Omura sends the army there, despite Algren s protests that they are not ready. The battle is a disaster; the undisciplined conscripts are routed, and Gant is killed. Algren fights to the last before he is surrounded; expecting to die, he is taken prisoner when samurai leader Katsumoto decides to spare him. Algren is taken to Katsumoto s village. While he is poorly treated at first, he eventually gains the samurai s respect and grows close to Katsumoto. Algren overcomes his alcoholism and guilt, learns the Japanese language and culture, and is trained in the art of kenjutsu. He develops sympathy for the samurai, who are upset that the pace of modern technology has eroded the traditions of their society. Algren and Taka, Katsumoto s sister and the widow of a samurai killed by Algren, develop an unspoken affection for each other.
One night, a group of ninja infiltrate the village and attempt to assassinate Katsumoto. Algren saves Katsumoto s life, and then helps defend the village, concluding Omura hired the ninjas. Katsumoto requests a meeting with Emperor Meiji and is given safe passage to Tokyo. He brings Algren, intending to release him. Upon arriving in Tokyo, Algren finds the Imperial Army is now a well-trained and fully equipped fighting force. Katsumoto, to his dismay, discovers that the young and inexperienced Emperor has essentially become a puppet of Omura. At a government meeting, Omura orders Katsumoto s arrest for carrying a sword in public and asks him to perform seppuku to redeem his honor. When Algren refuses an offer to assume command of the army, Omura sends a party of assassins after him, but Algren kills them. Algren assists the samurai in freeing Katsumoto; in the process, Katsumoto s son Nobutada is mortally wounded, sacrificing himself to allow the others to escape.
As the Imperial Army marches to crush the rebellion, a grieving Katsumoto contemplates seppuku, but Algren convinces him to fight until the end, and joins the samurai in battle. The samurai use the Imperial Army s overconfidence to lure them into a trap; the ensuing battle inflicts massive casualties on both sides and forces the Imperial soldiers to retreat. Knowing that Imperial reinforcements are coming, and defeat is inevitable, Katsumoto orders a suicidal cavalry charge on horseback. The samurai withstand an artillery barrage and break through Bagley s line. Bagley is killed by Algren, but the samurai are quickly mowed down by Gatling guns. The Imperial captain, previously trained by Algren and horrified by the sight of the dying samurai, orders all of the guns to cease fire, disregarding Omura s orders. A mortally wounded Katsumoto commits seppuku with Algren s help as the soldiers at the scene kneel in respect.
Days later, as trade negotiations conclude, Algren, though injured, arrives and interrupts the proceedings. He presents the Emperor with Katsumoto s sword and asks him to remember the traditions for which Katsumoto and his fellow Samurai died. The Emperor realizes that while Japan should modernize, it cannot forget its own culture and history; he promptly rejects the trade offer. When Omura attempts to protest, the Emperor silences him by threatening to seize the Omura family assets and distribute them among the populace. Omura claims to be disgraced, but the Emperor responds by holding Katsumoto s sword and suggests that if the shame is too great, Omura should committ seppuku. Omura relents and leaves.
While various rumours regarding Algren s fate circulate, Graham concludes that Algren had returned to the village to reunite with Taka.
Cast
- Tom Cruise as Captain Nathan Algren, a Civil War and Indian War veteran haunted by his role in the massacre of Native Americans at the Washita River. Following his discharge from the United States Army, he agrees to help the new Meiji Restoration government train its first Western-style conscript army for a significant sum of money. During the army s first battle he is captured by the samurai Katsumoto and taken to the village of Katsumoto s son, where he soon becomes intrigued with the way of the samurai and decides to join them in their cause. His journal entries reveal his impressions about traditional Japanese culture, which almost immediately evolve into unrestrained admiration.
- Ken Watanabe as Lord Moritsugu Katsumoto, the eponymous “Last Samurai”, a former daimyo who was once Emperor Meiji s most trusted teacher. His displeasure with the influence of Omura and other Western reformers on the Emperor lead him to organize his fellow samurai in a revolt, which he hopes will convince the government not to destroy the samurai s place in Japanese society. Katsumoto is based on real-life samurai Saigō Takamori, who led the Satsuma Rebellion.
- Koyuki Kato as Taka, widow of a samurai slain by Nathan Algren and younger sister of Lord Katsumoto. She and Algren develop feelings for each other, and she gives him her husband s armor to wear in the final battle of the rebellion.
- Shin Koyamada as Nobutada Katsumoto, Katsumoto s son who is responsible for the village where Algren is sent. Nobutada befriends Algren when Katsumoto assigns him to teach Algren Japanese culture and the Japanese language. He dies when he willingly chooses to distract Imperial troops so his father can escape their custody.
- Tony Goldwyn as Colonel Bagley, Nathan Algren s former commanding officer in the 7th Cavalry Regiment, who hires him to serve as a training instructor for the Imperial Army despite Algren s hatred of Bagley for his role in the Washita River massacre. In contrast to Algren, Bagley is arrogant and dismissive of the samurai, at one point referring to them nothing more than savages with bows and arrows . He is killed by Algren who throws a sword into his chest when Bagley tries to shoot Katsumoto in the final battle.
- Masato Harada as Matsue Omura, an industrialist and pro-reform politician. He quickly imports Westernization and modernization while making money for himself through his ownership of Japan s railroads. Coming from a merchant family, a social class repressed during the days of Shogun rule, Omura openly expresses his contempt for the samurai and takes advantage of Emperor Meiji s youth to become his chief advisor, persuading him to form a Western-style army for the sole purpose of wiping out Katsumoto and his rebels while ignoring their grievances. His appearance is designed to evoke the image of Okubo Toshimichi, a leading reformer during the Meiji Restoration. Harada noted that he was deeply interested in joining the film after witnessing the construction of Emperor Meiji s conference room on sound stage 19 (where Humphrey Bogart had once acted) at Warner Brothers studios.
- Shichinosuke Nakamura as Emperor Meiji. Credited with the implementation of the Meiji reforms to Japanese society, the Emperor is eager to import Western ideas and practices to modernize and empower Japan to become a strong nation. However, his inexperience causes him to rely heavily on the advice of men like Omura, who have their own agendas. His appearance bears a strong resemblance to Emperor Meiji during the 1860s (when his authority as Emperor was not yet firmly established) rather than during the 1870s, when the film takes place.
- Hiroyuki Sanada as Ujio, a master swordsman and one of Katsumoto s most trusted followers. He teaches Algren the art of sword fighting, coming to respect him as an equal. He is one of the last samurai to die in the final battle, being gunned down during Katsumoto s charge.
- Timothy Spall as Simon Graham, a British photographer and scholar hired as an interpreter for Captain Algren and his non-English speaking soldiers. Initially portrayed as a friendly yet mission-oriented and practical-minded companion, he later comes to sympathize with the samurai cause and helps Algren rescue Katsumoto from Imperial soldiers.
- Seizo Fukumoto as Silent Samurai, an elderly samurai tasked with monitoring Algren during his time in the village, who calls the samurai Bob . Bob ultimately saves Algren s life (and speaking for the first and only time, Algren-san! ) by taking a bullet meant for him in the final battle.
- Billy Connolly as Sergeant Zebulon Gant, an Irish American Civil War veteran who served with and is loyal to Algren, persuading him to come to Japan and working with him to train the Imperial Army. During the first battle, he is killed by Hirotaro (Taka s husband) after being wounded with a spear.
- Shun Sugata as Nakao, a tall samurai who wields a naginata and is skilled in jujutsu. He assists Algren in rescuing Katsumoto and dies along with the other samurai in the final battle.
Production
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This section relies largely or entirely upon a single source. (August 2022)
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Filming took place in New Zealand, mostly in the Taranaki region, with Japanese cast members and an American production crew. This location was chosen due to the fact that Egmont/Mount Taranaki resembles Mount Fuji, and also because there is a lot of forest and farmland in the Taranaki region. American Location Manager Charlie Harrington saw the mountain in a travel book and encouraged the producers to send him to Taranaki to scout the locations. This acted as a backdrop for many scenes, as opposed to the built up cities of Japan. Several of the village scenes were shot on the Warner Bros. Studios backlot in Burbank, California. Some scenes were shot in Kyoto and Himeji, Japan. There were 13 filming locations altogether. Tom Cruise did his own stunts for the film.
The film is based on an original screenplay entitled The Last Samurai , from a story by John Logan. The project itself was inspired by writer and director Vincent Ward. Ward became executive producer on the film – working in development on it for nearly four years and after approaching several directors (Francis Ford Coppola, Peter Weir), until he became interested with Edward Zwick. The film production went ahead with Zwick and was shot in Ward s native New Zealand.
The film was based on the stories of Jules Brunet, a French Imperial Guard sub-lieutenant who fought alongside Enomoto Takeaki in the earlier Boshin War; Philip Kearny, a United States Army (Union Army) and French Imperial Guard soldier, notable for his leadership in the American Civil War, who fought against the Tututni tribe in the Rogue River Wars in Oregon; and Frederick Townsend Ward, an American mercenary who helped Westernize the Qing army by forming the Ever Victorious Army. The historical roles of other European nations who were involved in the westernization of Japan are largely attributed to the United States in the film, although the film references European involvement as well.
Music
| The Last Samurai: Original Motion Picture Score | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Film score by
Hans Zimmer
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| Released | November 25, 2003 | |||
| Genre | Soundtrack | |||
| Length | 59:41 | |||
| Label | Warner Sunset | |||
| Producer | Hans Zimmer | |||
| Hans Zimmer chronology | ||||
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The Last Samurai: Original Motion Picture Score was released on November 25, 2003, by Warner Sunset Records. All music on the soundtrack was composed, arranged, and produced by Hans Zimmer, performed by the Hollywood Studio Symphony, and conducted by Blake Neely. It peaked at number 24 on the US Top Soundtracks chart.
Reception
Critical response
The film achieved higher box office receipts in Japan than in the United States. Critical reception in Japan was generally positive. Tomomi Katsuta of The Mainichi Shinbun thought that the film was a vast improvement over previous American attempts to portray Japan , noting that director Edward Zwick had researched Japanese history, cast well-known Japanese actors and consulted dialogue coaches to make sure he didn t confuse the casual and formal categories of Japanese speech. Katsuta still found fault with the film s idealistic, storybook portrayal of the samurai, stating: Our image of samurai is that they were more corrupt. As such, he said, the noble samurai leader Katsumoto set my teeth on edge.
In the United States, critic Roger Ebert of Chicago Sun-Times gave the film three and a half stars out of four, saying beautifully designed, intelligently written, acted with conviction, it s an uncommonly thoughtful epic. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 66% of critics have given the film a positive review based on 223 reviews, with an average score of 6.40/10. The site s consensus states: With high production values and thrilling battle scenes, The Last Samurai is a satisfying epic. At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted mean rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the film received an average score of 55, based on reviews from 43 critics, indicating mixed or average reviews.
One on-line analyst compares the movie favorably to Dances with Wolves in that each protagonist meets and combats a technologically backward people. Both Costner s and Cruise s characters have suffered through a series of traumatic and brutal battles. Each ultimately uses his experiences to later assist his new friends. Each comes to respect his newly adopted culture. Each even fights with his new community against the people and traditions from which he came.
Box office
As of January 1, 2016, the film had grossed $456.8 million against a production budget of $140 million. It grossed $111,127,263 in the United States and Canada, and $345,631,718 in other countries. It was one of the most successful box office hits in Japan, where it grossed ¥13.7 billion ($132 million).,
Accolades
| Award | Category | Recipient | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| Academy Awards | Best Supporting Actor | Ken Watanabe | Nominated |
| Best Art Direction | Lilly Kilvert and Gretchen Rau | Nominated | |
| Best Costume Design | Ngila Dickson | Nominated | |
| Best Sound Mixing | Andy Nelson, Anna Behlmer and Jeff Wexler | Nominated | |
| Golden Globe Awards | Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama | Tom Cruise | Nominated |
| Best Supporting Actor | Ken Watanabe | Nominated | |
| Best Score | Hans Zimmer | Nominated | |
| National Board of Review | Top Ten Films | 2nd place | |
| Best Director | Edward Zwick | Won | |
| Satellite Awards | Best Film | Nominated | |
| Best Actor | Tom Cruise | Nominated | |
| Best Supporting Actor | Ken Watanabe | Nominated | |
| Best Original Score | Hans Zimmer | Won | |
| Best Cinematography | John Toll | Won | |
| Best Art Direction and Production Design | Lilly Kilvert and Gretchen Rau | Nominated | |
| Best Costume Design | Ngila Dickson | Won | |
| Best Editing | Victor Du Bois and Steven Rosenblum | Won | |
| Best Sound | Andy Nelson, Anna Behlmer and Jeff Wexler | Nominated | |
| Best Visual Effects | Nominated | ||
| Visual Effects Society Awards | Outstanding Supporting Visual Effects | Jeffrey A. Okun, Thomas Boland, Bill Mesa, Ray McIntyre Jr. | Won |
| Japan Academy Film Prize | Outstanding Foreign Language Film | Won | |
| Taurus World Stunt Awards | Best Fire Stunt | Won |
Criticism and debate
Motoko Rich of The New York Times observed that the film has opened up a debate, particularly among Asian-Americans and Japanese, about whether the film and others like it were racist, naïve, well-intentioned, accurate – or all of the above.
Todd McCarthy, a film critic for the Variety magazine, wrote: Clearly enamored of the culture it examines while resolutely remaining an outsider s romanticization of it, yarn is disappointingly content to recycle familiar attitudes about the nobility of ancient cultures, Western despoilment of them, liberal historical guilt, the unrestrainable greed of capitalists and the irreducible primacy of Hollywood movie stars.
According to the history professor Cathy Schultz, Many samurai fought Meiji modernization not for altruistic reasons but because it challenged their status as the privileged warrior caste. Meiji reformers proposed the radical idea that all men essentially being equal…. The film also misses the historical reality that many Meiji policy advisors were former samurai, who had voluntarily given up their traditional privileges to follow a course they believed would strengthen Japan.
The fictional character of Katsumoto bears a striking resemblance to the historical figure of Saigō Takamori, a hero of the Meiji Restoration and the leader of the ineffective Satsuma Rebellion, who appears in the histories and legends of modern Japan as a hero against the corruption, extravagance, and unprincipled politics of his contemporaries. Though he had agreed to become a member of the new government, wrote the translator and historian Ivan Morris, it was clear from his writings and statements that he believed the ideals of the civil war were being vitiated. He was opposed to the excessively rapid changes in Japanese society and was particularly disturbed by the shabby treatment of the warrior class. Suspicious of the new bureaucracy, he wanted power to remain in the hands of the samurai class and the Emperor, and for those reasons, he had joined the central government. Edicts like the interdiction against carrying swords and wearing the traditional topknot seemed like a series of gratuitous provocations; and, though Saigō realized that Japan needed an effective standing army to resist pressure from the West, he could not countenance the social implications of the military reforms. For this reason Saigō, although participating in the Okinoerabu government, continued to exercise a powerful appeal among disgruntled ex-samurai in Satsuma and elsewhere. Saigō fought for a moral revolution, not a material one, and he described his revolt as a check on the declining morality of a new, Westernizing materialism.
In 2014, the movie was one of several discussed by Keli Goff in The Daily Beast in an article on white savior narratives in film, a cinematic trope studied in sociology, for which The Last Samurai has been analyzed. David Sirota at Salon saw the film as yet another film presenting the white Union army official as personally embodying the North s Civil War effort to liberate people of color and criticizing the release poster as a not-so-subtle message encouraging audiences to (wrongly) perceive the white guy — and not a Japanese person — as the last great leader of the ancient Japanese culture.
| Year | 2003 |
| ReleaseDate | 2003-12-05 |
| RuntimeMins | 154 |
| RuntimeStr | 2h 34min |
| Plot | An American military advisor embraces the Samurai culture he was hired to destroy after he is captured in battle. |
| Awards | Nominated for 4 Oscars, 20 wins & 67 nominations total |
| Directors | Edward Zwick |
| Writers | John Logan, Edward Zwick, Marshall Herskovitz |
| Stars | Tom Cruise, Ken Watanabe, Billy Connolly |
| Produced by | Tom Cruise,Michael Doven,Tom Engelman,Ted Field,Marshall Herskovitz,Scott Kroopf,Graham Larson,Charles Mulvehill,Yôko Narahashi,Richard Solomon,Paula Wagner,Vincent Ward,Edward Zwick |
| Music by | Hans Zimmer |
| Cinematography by | John Toll |
| Film Editing by | Victor Du Bois,Steven Rosenblum |
| Casting By | Liz Mullane,Victoria Thomas |
| Production Design by | Lilly Kilvert |
| Art Direction by | Christopher Burian-Mohr,Jess Gonchor,Kim Sinclair |
| Set Decoration by | Gretchen Rau |
| Costume Design by | Ngila Dickson |
| Makeup Department | Janice Alexander,James Allen,Karen Asano-Myers,Michele Barber,Jennifer Barrons,Marc Boyle,Tony Buffa,Lois Burwell,Leo Corey Castellano,Maria Cork,Jeffrey Cruts,Maggie Elliott,Martha Fein,Rick Findlater,Kerryn Flewell-Smith,Sean Foot,Michael Germain,Hitomi Golba,Warren Hanneman,Tina Harrelson,Louise Harris,Shaune Harrison,Jennifer Hegarty,Catherine Heys,Pauline Heys,Teressa Hill,Duncan Jarman,Connie Kallos,Frankie Karena,Michael Krehl,Denise Kum,Colleen LaBaff,Davina Lamont,Fiona Leech,Chris Lyons,Waldo Mason,Sharon McVey,Tracey L. Miller-Smith,Kelly Mitchell,Angela Mooar,Gilbert A. Mosko,Kenny Myers,Greg Nelson,Conor O Sullivan,Mimi Palazon,Daniel Parker,Brian Pierson,Gabriella Pollino,Kath Rayner,Shannon Reese,Darren Robinson,Stephen Rose,Elaina P. Schulman,Loulia Sheppard,Matthew Smith,Ron Snyder,Kimberley Spiteri,Randa Squillacote,Roddy Stayton,Rick Stratton,Annie Townsend,Terrie Velazquez Owen,Julia Wilson,Michael F. Blake,Martin Kopulsky,Russell Latham |
| Production Management | Jennifer Barrons,Anne Bruning,Mitchell E. Dauterive,Kevin de la Noy,Kyoko Kageyama,Charles Mulvehill,Ray Quinlan,Bill Draper,Elizabeth Miller Gavcus |
| Second Unit Director or Assistant Director | Drew Bailey,Louise Boothby,Guy Campbell,Gary Capo,Del Chatterton,Lisa Chu,Emma Cross,Geoff Dibben,Mathew Dunne,Kazmer Harangozo,Gene Keelan,Frank Kostenko Jr.,Allen Kupetsky,Ed Licht,Nilo Otero,Joanne Pearce,Jack Steinberg,Paul Sullivan,Eddie Thorne,Andrew Ward,Amy Wilkins,David Williams,Eric Houghton |
| Art Department | Renee Lee Alito,Peter Angles,Ronald S. Baratie,Roy Barnes,James R. Bayliss,John Berger,Dan Blanshard,Tristan Paris Bourne,James W. Boyce,Steve Brennan,Rick Broderman,J.C. Brown,Thomas E. Brown,Jon J. Bush,Milton Candish,Peggy Casey,Sourisak Chanpaseuth,Peter C. Clarke,Stacy Clinger,Dan Crawley,Paul Cunningham,Max Daly,Dave DeGaetano,Oscar Delgadillo,Angela Durbin,Al Eisenmann,David Falconer,Elizabeth Flaherty,Paul Ford,Nathan Franson,Christopher Glass,John P. Goldsmith,Adrian Gorton,Nathan Gray,David Gulick,Ted Haigh,Curtis Hamill,Troy Hannett,Wade Hannett,Ann Harris,Keith Haynes,Brock Helfer,Guy Hietala,Roman Illovsky,Andrew L. Jones,Neil Kirkland,Klara Kralova,Merv Lambarth,Kathryn Lim,Daniel Lloyd,Lori A. Lopes,Simon Lowe,Kathy Lucas,P.K. MacCarthy,John Markovich,Ray Massa,Kazuhiko Matsugu,Ray Maxwell,Bryan McBrien,Richard A. McCarthy,Michael McCombe,Frank McEldowney,Andy McLaren,Jean-Paul Menard,Charlie Montoya,Michael Mosley,Harry E. Otto,Anthony D. Parrillo,Josh Patterson,Chris Peterson,Ben Price,Helen Rasmussen,Steve Rice,Amber Richards,Brian Roll,Kathleen Rosen,Lori Rozzi,Liza Rudolph,Trevor A. Rudolph,Tommy Samona,George Sartiano,Jo Schwarz,Ugo Serrano,Michael Smale,Paul Stanwyck,Sam Storey,Samuel J. Storey,Danny Strachan,Patte Strong-Lord,Parker Swanson,Brent Tasker,Will Thayer,Philip Thomas,Brett Tyler,Cedar Valentine,Joanna Venezky,Stephanie Waldron,Nick Weir,Ben Whale,Michael White,Greg Wilkinson,Helen Wilson,Duane Agate,Rob Chalk,Gary J. Coelho,Genevieve Cooper,Kelly Deco,David Forline,Christopher Humbracht,Karl Luthin,Francie McGirr,Robert Miller,Michele Mulkey,Sid Nicholson,George Sartiano,Gary Stel |
| Sound Department | Christopher Assells,Laura Harris Atkinson,Bob Beher,Anna Behlmer,John Bires,Derek Casari,David A. Cohen,Don Coufal,Robert Deschaine,Dino Dimuro,Richard Dwan Jr.,Victor Ray Ennis,John P. Fasal,Paul Flinchbaugh,Nerses Gezalyan,Laura Graham,Phillip A. Hamilton,Craig S. Jaeger,Kenneth L. Johnson,Michael Kamper,Randy Kelley,David Lucarelli,Anna MacKenzie,Caitlin McKenna,Michael Miller,Andy Nelson,Mark Ormandy,Kelly Oxford,Michelle Pazer,Alan Rankin,Charleen Richards,Abel Schiro,Frank Smathers,Greg Steele,Mark P. Stoeckinger,Rin Takada,Bruce Tanis,Jon Title,Mike Westgate,Jeff Wexler,Jeffrey Wilhoit,Ben Wilkins,Kerry Dean Williams,Craig Heath,Dean Hurley,Bruce Maddocks,Peter Michael Sullivan |
| Special Effects by | Alistair Anderson,Matt Appleton,Stan Blackwell,Thomas Blake,Joel P. Blanchard,David Booth,Thomas Brown,Dean Bushby,Karl Chisholm,Dean Clarke,Peter Cleveland,Scott Conner,Thomas M. Craven,Val Crawford,Jeff Cunningham,Geoff Curtis,Lenny Dalrymple,Steve Dearth,Kim Derry,Joe Dunckley,Terry Erickson,Ian Eyre,John Fagan,Doug Falconer,Guy C. Feldman,James Fredburg,Scott Garcia,Oliver Gee,Daniel Gilmore,Flax Glor,Scott Harens,Jeremy Hays,Brent Herrmann,Andy Hunt,Iain Hutton,Steve Ingram,Giacomo Iovino,Duncan Jarman,Andrew Kelly,Andrew Kelly,Jonathan Kombrinck,Donald Krause,Matthew Lillis,Joseph Livolsi,Paul J. Lombardi,Edward Lozano,Darian Lumsden,Ronald W. Mathews,Scott D. Mattson,Mike McDonald,Phil McLaren,Guy Mennano,John D. Milinac,John Mowat,Gayle Munro,Les Nairn,Jeffrey A. Okun,Dan Perry,David Peterson,Rick Peterson,Paul Pistore,Dean Powell,Mark A. Ramage,Ken Rudell,Duane Russell,Mike Scanlan,Charles Schmitz,Robin Schoonraad,Shigemori Shigeta,Yukiyoshi Shimizu,Dominic Taylor,Douglas Dean Taylor,Michael Todd,Paul Verrall,Will Wallace,Robert G. Willard,Dick Wood,Warwick Yin,Petar Zivkovic,Enrique Bilsland,Evan Brainard,Len Burge,Anthony Giordano,Ben Hawker,Russ Herpich,Matthew Jorgensen,Julian Ledger,Carl MacLaren,Scott Oshita,Mark Rappaport,Scott Schutzki,Dan Smith,Shaun Smith,Tom Steves,Hill Vinot |
| Visual Effects by | Romulo Adriano Jr.,Danny Albano,Marcello Altieri,Daphne Apellanes-Ackerson,Craig Barron,Thomas Boland,Cosmas Paul Bolger Jr.,Patrick Bonneau,Tatjana Bozinovski,Scott Brisbane,Steven J. Brooks,John Coats,Ian Cope,Glenn Cotter,James Coulter,Ron Crabb,Tim Crosbie,Jason Crosby,Crystal Day,Krystyna Demkowicz,Tim Everitt,Brian Fisher,Patrick Flanagan,David Fogg,Jessica Franks,Alex Fry,William Gammon,David Geoghegan,Benoit Girard,Jim Gorman,Neil Greenberg,Daryl Habraken,Jennifer Hachigian,Fred Haro,Sara Henschke,Lubo Hristov,Steve Hutchins,Dave Jacobs,Brian Jochum,Bryan Jones,Brad Kalinoski,Patrick Keenan,Hong Kim,Tim Kings-Lynne,Mark Kochinski,Richard Kratt,Lincoln Kupchak,Zoe Lamaera,Kip Larsen,Laurent Lavigne,George Macri,John R. McConnell,Robert McInnis,Ray McIntyre Jr.,John P. Mesa,William Mesa,Sal Migliore,Justin Mitchell,Jerome Morin,Darren Mortillaro,Brad Moylan,Patrick Murphy,Don Myers,Dan Novy,Jeffrey A. Okun,Marco S. Paolini,Dean Parks,Adam Paschke,Ben Paschke,Bill Phillips,Monty Phillips,Peter Profetto,Jeremy Pronk,Paul Rivera,Ben Roberts,Ken Rogerson,Steve Rosenbluth,Daniel Rubin,Duane Rutkowski,Jane Sharvina,Mariya Shikher,Evan Shipard,Trent Shumway,Todd R. Smith,Marion Spates,Chris Stoski,Ken Stranahan,Kevin Struckman,Tammy Sutton,Joel H. Thornton,Tommy Tran,Morgan Trotter,Olivia Tsui,Jeff Varga,Leandro Visconti,Dan Walker,Don Waller,Emily Wallin,Jerry Whitaker,Jeffrey White,James Whitlam,Dan Wills,John Attard,Vince De Quattro,Darius Fisher,Melanie Franciosi,Marlan Harris,Judith Holzman,Dave Jerrard,Michael Kirylo,Jason Madigan,Patrick Paul Mullane,Alfredo Ramirez,Colin Rhodes,Andrew Romine,Mark Spatny |
| Stunts | Tomoya Abe,Tsuyoshi Abe,Takayuki Akaike,Eugenio Alonso Yenes,Daisuke Amano,Hiro Asari,Danny Baldwin,Dean Caulfield,Brett Chan,Lauro David Chartrand-DelValle,Chris Chin,Mike Ching,Phil Chong,Alejandro Cobo,Mick Corrigan,Jonathan Costelloe,Ricardo Cruz,Alaynna Davis,Christine Davis,Sarah Davis,Jean-Jacques Desplanque,Stephen Dunham,Al Eisenmann,David Forman,Pedro García García,Al Goto,Tad Griffith,Kiwa Halley,Masayoshi Haneda,Ken Hasegawa,Albert Heimuli,Steven Ho,Tasho Ihara,Yoshio Iizuka,Shogo Ikegami,Brian Imada,Steven Ito,Lani Jackson,Geraldine Jacobsen,Akira Kamito,Motoki Kawana,Jon W. Kishi,Kraig Kishi,Masato Kobayashi Xuyen,Akira Koieyama,Tatsuro Koike,Joel Kramer,Yoshiyuki Kubo,Takahiro Kudo,Larry Lam,Danny Le Boyer,Samuel Le,Will Leong,James Lew,Michael Li,Cotton Mather,Duncan McNaughton,Peter Miles,Yoshio Miyaki,Giorgio Miyashita,Atsushi Morita,Kenji Motomiya,Ryoichi Murakami,Ginji Nakamura,Kôji Nakamura,Tadahiro Nakamura,Taketo Nakamura,Masaki Nishimura,Casey O Neill,Nobuyuki Obikane,Lin Oeding,Tadashi Oiwa,Jackie Old Coyote,Atsushi Ono,Shawn C. Orr,Hernan Ortiz,Eijiro Ozaki,Nooroa Poa,Allan Poppleton,Nick Powell,Simon Rhee,Jesús Riarán,Akihiko Sai,Shôji Sakai,Takashi Sakamoto,Jon Sakata,Spencer Sano,Kenji Sato,Paul Shapcott,Tadahiro Shimizu,Patrick Shining Elk,Ava Strong,Melissa R. Stubbs,Akira Sugihara,Zokir Sultanov,Keiya Tabuchi,Hiroki Takano,Kenji Tominaga,Kazuki Tsujimoto,Dave Van Zeyl,Mark Huzi Wu,Paul Wu,Kimio Yamada,Takashi Yamaguchi,Moritaka Yoshida,Marcus Young,Peng Zhang,Raymond Chan,Lauro David Chartrand-DelValle,Brian Ho,Sam Weeks |
| Camera and Electrical Department | Sal Alvarez,Russell Ayer,Dana Baker,Kent Baker,Stuart Bell,Tov Belling,Erik Bernstein,Gary Capo,Jasmine Yuen Carrucan,Nelson A. Castillo,Billy Craft,R. Michael De Chellis,Ric Delgado,Jeff Durling,Don Easy,John Enright,Michael Grady,Scott Harman,James Hopwood,David James,Darrin Keough,Jason Kilgore,Tommy Klines,Richard Lacy,Al LaVerde,David Levich,Michael L. Lewin,Gregory Lundsgaard,Leigh Mackenzie,Iain Mathieson,Brett Matthews,Peter McCaffrey,Calum McFarlane,Andrew McGeorge,Mark Mele,Ken Metz,Ray Milazzo,Tony Monk,Dan Moore,Yuji Nakaza,David Nichols,Luis Olivares,Jeff Pelton,Ulric Raymond,Noor Razzak,Paul Reddin,Gareth Robinson,Cary Sachs,Victor A. Shelehov,Philip A.T. Smith,Michael Taylor,Luke Thomas,Mike Thomas,Chris Toll,R. Gern Trowbridge,Bram Tulloch,Nobuhiro Wakabayashi,Joel White,Scott C. Williman,Randy Woodside,Raimund Almanza,Nigel Burton,Joe Hill |
| Casting Department | Nicole Abellera,Kim Coleman,Mariann H.W. Lee,Caitlin McKenna,Liz Mullane,Yôko Narahashi,Amy Pope,Kazuhito Tsutsumi |
| Costume and Wardrobe Department | Charlene Amateau,Paul Booth,Tom Caddy,Mari-An Ceo,Lorraine Crossman,Libby Dempster,Jasmin Easterbrook,Kendall Errair,Sian Evans,Alexandria Forster,Darin Gordine,Rosemary Gough,Sally Gray,Amy Jo Hoppenfeld,Pauline Laws,Hayley May,Lachlan Mayclair,Liz McGregor,Lucy McLay,Lee-Ann Mercer,Ann Miller,Bob Moore Jr.,Samantha Morley,Melissa Mundt,Anna Munro,Roger Murray,Hilary Niederer,Louise Paul,Rob Phillips,Critter Pierce,Grace Pyke,Julie Zavala Ron,Sarah Shepherd,Bess Stansell,Ivory Stanton,Douglas J. Stewart,Simon Ward,Angela Williams,Thao T. Vu,Jake Walls |
| Editorial Department | Julian Andraus,Jill Bogdanowicz,Josh Breslow,Victoria Chu,Ian Elias,Penny Lee Hallin,Mo Henry,Jenny Hicks,Anna Josenhans,Elias Jeremiah Moor,Geoff Pattison,Pablo Prietto,Kent Pritchett,Keith Shaw,Paula Suhy,Dennis Thorlaksen,Cynthia E. Thornton,Susan Vaill,David Ziek,Todd Zongker,David Orr |
| Location Management | Sala Baker,Richard Davis Jr.,Mana Hira Davis,Nicola Fedrigoni,Charles Harrington,Brian Hulse,Sharon Ninness,Evan Peller,Richard Riwaka,Daniel Veluzat |
| Music Department | Eun-Mee Ahn,Slamm Andrews,Steve Becknell,Tom Boyd,Tom Brown,Dee Lewis Clay,Sandy DeCrescent,David Duke,Craig Eastman,Bruce Fowler,Mark Graham,Fred Greene,Jim Hoffman,Steve Holtman,Alex Iles,Tommy Johnson,Jason Lloyd,Charlie Loper,Ladd McIntosh,Alan Meyerson,Yvonne S. Moriarty,Trevor Morris,Melissa Muik,Blake Neely,Bill Reichenbach,John Reynolds,Emil Richards,John Rodd,Peter Rotter,Marni Sanders,Steven L. Smith,Kurt Snyder,Del Spiva,Tom Steel,Marc Streitenfeld,Bill Talbott,Damon Tedesco,Phillip A. Teele,James Thatcher,Richard Todd,Mark Wherry,Phillip Yao,Geoff Zanelli,Hans Zimmer,Joe Zimmerman,John Beal,Gregg Silk |
| Script and Continuity Department | Jayne-Ann Tenggren,Lisa Vick |
| Transportation Department | Rick Braverman,Edward Cook,Vic Cuccia,Caleb Dempsey,Steven Docherty,Spencer Faulkner,Reg Gibson,Knut Kielpinski,Isaac Lane,Randy Luna,Brian Zac McIsaac,Dan Romero,Michael Sean Ryan |
| Additional Crew | Daren N. Afshar,Deborah Alleck,Tansey Allen,Deborah Ambrosino,Graeme Andrews,Gunner Ashford,John Bonnin,David Boyle,Bridget Brewer,Sophie Brewster,Mark Brooks,Andy Buckley,Sharon Burdsley,Jenny Lynn Burnett,Kami Calevro,Lauro David Chartrand-DelValle,Gunnar Clancey,Sam M. Cobb,Jason Cox,Paulette Dauber,Charles de Bernier,Alfredo De Leon,Phil DeSanti,James D. Dever,Robert J. Dietze II,Graham Dolan,Joe Dunckley,Greg Eby,Josh Ernstrom,Vincent Joseph Flaherty,Billy L. Butch Frank,Jessica Franks,Sue Frey,Darin Fujimori,Emi Fukuda,Robert Rock Galotti,Donte Gentile,Marc C. Geschwind,Christopher Gilbertson,Robert Gillmor,Eileen Gopperth,Thea Govorko,Warren Green,Josh Gummersall,Felicity Hamill,Jennifer Hammon,Gary Harper,Alison Haskovec,Kelly Helstrom,Bart Hendrickson,Lil Heyman,Jean Hodges,Jabe Hura,Tristan Jackson,Minori James,Lance Julian,Doug Katau,Taka Kawatsu,Michael G. Kehoe,Mark Kelly,Karen Kemsley,Carol Kim,Dan King,Nancy Kiu,Denice Kumagai,Grady Lee,Brian Mahony,John Malakoff,Joey Cruz Manalang,Natanya Marks,Lisa Matsukawa,Rob McCabe,Jane McCurdy,Tim McGee,Timothy McGee,Duncan McNaughton,Melvin Mete,Zack Milan,Rosie Miles,Caroline Miller,Randy Miller,Tomoko Miyachi,Tony Monk,Elias Jeremiah Moor,Ryan Moriarty,Heather Moses,Alan Munro,Arwen Munro,Brian Nailing,Atsushi Naito,Moanike ala Nakamoto,Nigel Nally,Graham Nixon,Jason Novak,Steve Old,Riki Otaki,Stacy Parker,Susan Parker,David Passman,Jacquilyn Penn,Charlie Portillo,Samata Preston,Troy Putney,Ryan Quinlan,Philippa Race,Angela Randazzo,Sonia Randazzo,Julie Rasmussen,Matt Reitsma,Mayda Renizzi-Holt,F. Lee Reynolds,Tone Rodriguez,Page Rosenberg-Marvin,Steve Rosenbluth,Ken Ryan,Mark Schilling,Lynley Schollum,Wonder Fortune Serra,Marc Siegel,Darius Siwek,Doug Sloan,Phil Smith,Stacy Solomon,Jill Soper,E. Michael Stankevich,Michael Svitak,Tony Swatton,Helene Takacs,Yô Takeyama,Lindsay Tapp,Korin A. Tarin,Damon J. Taylor,Amanda Uber,Jasmin Vette,Tracey Vickers,Mathew Ward,Bex Watts,Tracey Weaver,Jennifer Webb,Peter White,Andy Wickens,Erin Wilson,Frank D. Woodward,Phil Greig,Ruffin Moye,Edwina Pellikka,Robert Milo Williams |
| Genres | Action, Drama |
| Companies | Warner Bros., The Bedford Falls Company, Cruise/Wagner Productions |
| Countries | USA, New Zealand, Japan |
| Languages | English, Japanese |
| ContentRating | R |
| ImDbRating | 7.8 |
| ImDbRatingVotes | 438387 |
| MetacriticRating | 55 |
| Keywords | seppuku,drunkenness,bowing,year 1877,year 1876 |
