Miracle at St. Anna is a 2008 American–Italian epic war film directed by Spike Lee, and written by James McBride, based on McBride s 2003 novel of the same name. The film stars Derek Luke, Michael Ealy, Laz Alonso, Omar Benson Miller, Pierfrancesco Favino and Valentina Cervi. Set primarily in Italy during German-occupied Europe in World War II, the film tells the story of four Buffalo Soldiers of the 92nd Infantry Division who seek refuge in a small Tuscan village, where they form a bond with the residents. The story is presented as a flashback, as one survivor, Hector Negron (Alonso), reflects upon his experiences in a frame story set in 1980s New York. Several real-life events that occurred during the war, such as the Sant Anna di Stazzema massacre, are re-enacted, placing Miracle at St. Anna within the genre of historical fiction.

Lee first learned of the novel in 2004 and approached McBride with the idea of a film adaptation. In Europe, the film s development attracted the attention of Italian film producers Roberto Cicutto and Luigi Musini, who helped finance the $45 million production. A majority of the film was shot in Italy, on several locations affected by World War II. Other filming locations included New York, Louisiana and The Bahamas. Frequent Lee collaborator Terence Blanchard composed the score, and the visual effects were created by Industrial Light & Magic.

Miracle at St. Anna premiered at the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival before it was released on September 26, 2008. It was met with mostly negative reviews from critics and drew controversy in Italy over historical inaccuracies. During its theatrical run, Miracle at St. Anna was a box office bomb, grossing only $9.3 million worldwide.

Plot

In 1983, Hector Negron, an aged, African American World War II veteran, works as a post office clerk in New York City. After recognizing a customer, Negron shoots and kills the man with a German Luger pistol. Several hours later, rookie reporter Tim Boyle and Detective Tony Ricci are at the crime scene seeking information. At Negron s apartment, Boyle, Ricci and other officers discover a finely carved statue head, the head of the Primavera, a long missing segment from the Ponte Santa Trinita. Also found is a Purple Heart and a photograph revealing that Negron was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross and Silver Star.

Negron, in a flashback, tells of his war experiences as a young corporal of the segregated 92nd Infantry Division in Italy, late 1944 during the Gothic line phase of the Italian campaign. A disastrous attack ensues on German positions across the Serchio River. An officer, Captain Nokes, calls down artillery on the 92nd s own position, refusing to believe their reports of how far they have advanced. Many American soldiers are killed, leaving Negron stranded on the wrong side of the river with three men: Staff Sergeant Aubrey Stamps, Sergeant Bishop Cummings, and Private Sam Train. Sam carries the Head of the Primavera that he found in Florence, which he believes to carry magical powers. He and Bishop rescue an Italian boy named Angelo from a collapsing building. While traveling through the mountains of Tuscany, the soldiers enter a small village where they form a bond with the residents. Sam grows especially fond of Angelo, becoming the boy s father figure. One of the villagers, Renata, soon becomes entangled in a love triangle with Stamps and Bishop, which creates conflict.

After Negron gets his damaged backpack radio working, the soldiers contact headquarters and are told to capture an enemy soldier. A local Italian Partisan group arrives with a young German deserter, Hans Brundt, as their prisoner. Earlier, residents of the nearby village of Sant Anna di Stazzema were killed by German forces following a betrayal by a partisan, named Rodolfo, who knows that Brundt can identify him as the traitor. After concealing the fact that German forces are approaching the village in a counterattack, Rodolfo kills Brundt and the Partisan leader before escaping. It is Rodolfo whom Negron will kill 39 years later. Captain Nokes arrives in the village to interrogate Brundt and finds him dead. The Americans prepare to leave the village ahead of a German counterattack, but Sam refuses to leave Angelo behind. After promising to court-martial all four soldiers, Nokes and his contingent drive out of town, but are killed in the opening German offensive.

The remaining Americans and Partisans hold their ground, killing many Germans. Bishop and Negron hold off the Germans while Stamps tries to get the villagers to safety, but they are too heavily outnumbered. Sam, Stamps and Bishop are killed in the attack. While attempting to retreat, Negron is shot in the back, but is saved by his backpack radio. After Angelo gives him the Primavera s Head, Negron gives the boy his rosary and tells him to leave. Angelo is led away by the spirit of his brother Arturo, who had been killed during the massacre at St. Anna. Negron is spared by a German officer who hands him his own Luger pistol and tells Negron to defend himself. More Americans arrive and secure the village before evacuating Negron.

In 1984, Negron is the defendant in a court proceeding, facing a life sentence for his killing of Rodolfo. He is defended at his bail hearing by a powerful attorney acting on behalf of an unknown wealthy man. Hector is brought to the Bahamas and is reunited with the Head of the Primavera, accompanied by its new owner who takes out a rosary and reveals himself as an adult Angelo. They both hold Hector s rosary and burst into tears of remembrance.

Cast

• Derek Luke as Staff Sergeant Aubrey Stamps:

• Michael Ealy as Sergeant Bishop Cummings:

• Laz Alonso as Corporal Hector Negron:

• Omar Benson Miller as Private First Class Samuel Sam Train:

• Matteo Sciabordi as Angelo Torancelli – The Boy:

• Pierfrancesco Favino as Peppi The Great Butterfly Grotta:

• Valentina Cervi as Renata Salducci:

• John Turturro as Detective Antonio Tony Ricci, who is charged with investigating a post office murder in 1983
• Joseph Gordon-Levitt as Tim Boyle, the investigative reporter assigned to cover the murder and subsequent discovery of an Italian artifact
• Kerry Washington as Zana Wilder, a lawyer hired to represent the suspected post office murderer. Naomi Campbell was originally cast as Wilder in September 2007, but later pulled out due to scheduling conflicts.

Other cast members include John Leguizamo, in a cameo appearance, as Enrico; D. B. Sweeney as Colonel Jack Driscoll, an advocate for the Buffalo Soldiers; Robert John Burke as General Ned Almond, a high-ranking officer who opposes the 92nd Division; Omari Hardwick as Platoon Commander Huggs; Omero Antonutti as Ludovico Salducci, Renata s Fascist father; Sergio Albelli as Rodolfo Berelli, a Partisan of questionable loyalties; Lydia Biondi as Natalina, a village healer; Michael K. Williams as Tucker a scared soldier; Walton Goggins as Captain Nokes; Christian Berkel as Captain Eichholz; Jan Pohl as Corporal Hans Brundt, the German deserter; and Alexandra Maria Lara as Mildred Gillars, nicknamed Axis Sally, an American broadcaster employed by the Germans as a propagandist.: 2 and 23

Production

Development

The novel Miracle at St. Anna was written by James McBride originating from his late uncle s experiences as a World War II soldier. : 18 Upon writing the novel, McBride conducted his own research and learned of the 92nd Infantry Division, which consisted of 15,000 African-American soldiers, who served in Italy during World War II from August 1944 to November 1945. McBride interviewed several remaining members of the 92nd Division. I studied Italian at The New School in New York City, he explained. I moved to Italy with my family for six months. I interviewed dozens of Italians—Partisans and Fascists. I interviewed dozens of African-American soldiers who fought in the war, most who have since passed away. I must have read at least 20 books. I went to the Army War College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. I studied the whole business of what the 92nd did in Italy during the war, to try to get an idea of what really transpired. : 19 The 92nd Division served as the basis for McBride s novel, which was published in 2003.: 18

Spike Lee first learned of the novel in 2004 and contacted McBride about making a film adaptation.: Sec1:6 He felt that McBride was the perfect person to write the screenplay, believing that his novel would serve as a guide.: 18–19 Commenting on the difficult process of adapting his book into a screenplay, McBride stated, “As a novelist, you tend to think internally. You can guide what the character says and you can explore what he or she is thinking. Movies don t have time to explain. You have to get right to the muscle.”: 20

The film adaptation of Miracle at St. Anna attracted the attention of Italian producers Roberto Cicutto and Luigi Musini, the co-founders of On My Own Produzioni Cinematografiche. Cicutto explained that they knew that Lee was not just coming to Italy to make a film as an American director, but to make a film that belongs to his culture and to our history. The film s budget was an estimated $45 million. Under their Own My Own production banner, Cicutto and Musini contributed $8.74 million. Lee s reputation as an acclaimed filmmaker in Europe, where he served as a jury member of the 2004 Venice Film Festival, also helped the filmmakers obtain two-thirds of the budget from Italy s RAI Cinema and France s TF1 ($30 million). Touchstone Pictures provided the remainder ($6.26 million), and later released the film in North America.

Lee described Miracle at St. Anna as an ensemble piece : 20 and aimed for authenticity in his depiction of American and German soldiers battling in Italy.: 24 In casting Italian actors, he held a casting call in Rome. The Italian actors, all born in Rome, were coached to sound as though they were from Tuscany.: 22 The actors portraying soldiers underwent a two-week boot camp, supervised by senior military advisor Billy Budd, a 15-year Royal Marine veteran who had served in the Falklands War.: 24

Filming

Principal photography for Miracle at St. Anna lasted nine weeks, beginning in October 2007 and concluding in December of that year; filming took place in Italy, New York, Louisiana and The Bahamas.: 6–8 The film was the first by Lee to be shot in Europe, and the director insisted on shooting on locations where the story is set. Filming began in Tuscany, where the Tuscan regional government gave Lee permission to film where the actual events took place. According to producer Luigi Musini, Miracle at St. Anna was shot along the Gothic Line, which was the major line of defense in the final stages of World War II: The location is highly representative of what the war was in Italy, what our resistance was. True dramatic episodes took place there.”: 24 The first ten days of filming took place on the Serchio River, covering the battle sequence that opens the film.: 25 A scene that recreates the Sant Anna di Stazzema massacre was shot where the atrocity took place; the massacre—in which over 500 villagers were murdered by German occupation forces—is re-enacted in the film. Filming then took place in Rome for one month; in New York for four days; in White Castle, Louisiana for two days; and in The Bahamas for two days.

Design and effects

Matthew Libatique served as cinematographer, having previously collaborated with Lee on the films She Hate Me (2004) and Inside Man (2006). Libatique relied on the use of natural light, which proved challenging for scenes shot indoors.: 26 The final battle sequence in the film was especially difficult as the film relied on the use of practical effects and difficult weather conditions.: 25 Libatique s solution was to collaborate with Lee, military advisor Billy Budd, and first assistant director Mike Ellis in creating storyboards to choreograph the scenes. Production designer Tonino Zera was tasked with filling outdoor locations with greenery, rebuilding exteriors and constructing the interior of an Italian barn.: 25 Costume designer Carlo Poggiolo consulted with a former Buffalo Soldier of the 92nd Division, prior to designing the American soldiers outfits. He also provided contemporary and historical wardrobe pieces.: 26 Ernest Dickerson served as the film s second unit director, cinematographer, and camera operator.: 6 The visual effects were created by George Lucas Industrial Light & Magic (ILM).: 10 After Lee approached him, Lucas allowed ILM s team of artists to work on the visual effects for the film.

Music

Terence Blanchard composed the film score, marking his twelfth collaboration with Lee. For the score, he attempted to make a distinction between American and German soldiers. That was first done through the use of percussion, using a higher-pitched, tighter sound for Germans, and a fuller-field drum sound for Americans, he explained. I also drew a distinction by using French horns for American forces, and a Wagner tuben for German forces. Scoring the film required the use of a 90-piece orchestra, which was larger than in any of Lee s previous films. Blanchard also relied on the use of instruments from the 1940s era, including a mandolin, accordion, slide guitar and rope drum.: 26–27 The film s soundtrack, titled Miracle at St. Anna: Original Soundtrack, was released in CD and digital downloading formats by Hollywood Records on September 23, 2008.

Release

Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures released Miracle at St. Anna under Touchstone Pictures. The film s world premiere was at the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival on September 7, 2008. The film later premiered in France at the 34th Deauville American Film Festival on September 10, 2008. Miracle at St. Anna premiered in New York City at the Ziegfeld Theatre on September 22, 2008. Disney released the film in the United States and Canada on September 26, 2008. The film was released in Italy on October 3, 2008; in Romania on April 10, 2009; in Bolivia and Brazil on April 30, 2009; in the United Arab Emirates on May 28, 2009; and in Lebanon on September 10, 2009.

Box office

Miracle at St. Anna grossed $7,658,999 in North America and $1,404,716 from markets elsewhere—a worldwide total of $9,323,833 against a $45 million budget.

On its opening day in North America, the film debuted at ninth place, grossing $967,329 from 1,185 theaters. The end of the opening weekend saw the film take a total of $3,477,996—for an average of $2,935 per theater—finishing as the number eight grossing film of the weekend. Steve Mason of Hollywood.com believed that Miracle at St. Anna s negative reviews and moviegoers declining interest in war films contributed to the film s poor box office performance. On its second weekend, the film saw a 50.1% decrease in revenue, moving down to fourteenth place and earning an additional $1,736,302—an average of $1,465 per theatre. Miracle at St. Anna was pulled out of theatres on November 25, 2008 after 61 days (8.7 weeks) of domestic release.

Following its release in North America, Miracle at St. Anna continued to perform poorly in international markets. Its highest gross was in Italy, where it grossed $1,363,754 during its theatrical run. Also contributing to the film s $1.4 million gross in international markets was Bolivia ($9,821), Brazil ($9,821), Lebanon ($3,184), Romania ($1,465), and the United Arab Emirates ($26,492).

Home media

Miracle at St. Anna was released on DVD and Blu-ray formats by Touchstone Home Entertainment on February 10, 2009. The DVD is available in separate anamorphic widescreen and Blu-ray editions, each with Dolby Digital 5.1 and 2.0 tracks. Upon its release on DVD, Miracle at St. Anna debuted in eighth place, selling 142,782 units in its first week. In North America, the film has grossed $10.1 million from DVD sales.

Reception

Critical response

The film has received mostly negative reviews from critics. On the review aggregator site Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 33% based on 120 reviewer and a weighted average of 5.2/10. The website s consensus states Miracle at St. Anna is a well-intentioned but overlong, disjointed affair that hits few of the right notes. Metacritic, another review aggregator, assigned the film a normalized score of 37% based on 31 reviews from mainstream critics, indicating generally unfavorable reviews .

Todd McCarthy of Variety called the film a clunky, poorly constructed drama designed to spotlight the little-remarked role of black American soldiers in World War II. James Rocchi, writing for Cinematical, gave the film a mixed review: When Miracle at St. Anna falters, it s in the moments that seem like they could have been crafted by any other film maker; when Miracle at St. Anna succeeds, it s in the moments that could only have been crafted by Lee. Ann Hornaday of The Washington Post wrote that the film was overwrought, overproduced, overbusy and overlong and that Miracle at St. Anna finally suffers from the worst filmmaking sin of all: the failure of trust, in the story and the audience. Claudia Puig of USA Today wrote that the film aspires to be epic, but mostly it s just unfocused, sprawling and badly in need of editing and that t tries hard to be inspiring, but it has jarring tonal shifts, stereotyped characters and a lack of narrative perspective. Peter Travers of Rolling Stone described the film as too long, lazily constructed, and crammed with too many characters and subplots for any director to develop fully outside of an HBO miniseries.

Despite a mostly negative reception, Miracle at St. Anna received some praise. Eric D. Snider, writing for Film.com praised the film, writing, This is beyond the scope of anything Lee has done before, and he rises to the challenge remarkably well, with battle scenes nearly as visceral and jolting as those in Saving Private Ryan and a multi-layered story involving the U.S. Army, the Nazis, and the Italian resistance movement. Snider criticized the film s frame story, which he described as unnecessary and definitely corny. James Verniere of the Boston Herald awarded the film an A grade, calling it a masterpiece and a classic American WWII movie that both acknowledges the rousing tradition of such war epics as The Longest Day (1962) and The Big Red One (1980) and adds something new: paying tribute to the World War II African-American soldiers who made the ultimate sacrifice for their country. Roger Ebert, writing for the Chicago Sun-Times, criticized the editing but praised the film overall, describing it as epic with one of the best battle scenes I can remember, on par with Saving Private Ryan…Miracle at St. Anna contains richness, anger, history, sentiment, fantasy, reality, violence and life. Maybe too much. Better than too little.

Controversy

Protests were scheduled for the film s Italian premiere in Viareggio, Italy, by unspecified organizations. The protesters objected to the plotline of a Partisan collaborating with the Nazis. This runs directly counter to the accepted historical version of events, ruled by an Italian military court in 2005, that the Sant Anna di Stazzema massacre was entirely premeditated by the Germans with no reason except the aim to frighten the population. Giovanni Cipollini, deputy head of the National Association of the Italian Partisans, said the film was a false reconstruction and a travesty of history . However, Lee, unrepentant, stated I am not apologizing. He told Italians there was a lot about your history you have yet to come to grips with. This film is our interpretation, and I stand behind it. McBride, the novel s author, stated: As a black American, I understand what it s like for someone to tell your history… unfortunately, the history of World War Two here in Italy is ours as well, and this was the best I could do… it is, after all, a work of fiction.”

In light of the film s controversy, Lee was awarded honorary citizenship by the mayor of Stazzema, Michele Silicani, who defended the film, stating, It s true that the film depicts a partisan who betrayed civilians. But above it is the tale of those partisans who fought to the death to defend civilians.

Litigation

Following the theatrical release of Miracle at St. Anna, Spike Lee and the Italian production company On My Own Produzioni Cinematografiche brought a lawsuit against TF1, alleging that the company failed in its contractual agreement with On My Own to distribute the film in international markets, excluding the United States, Canada and Italy. In its defense, TF1 refused to distribute Miracle at St. Anna, claiming that Lee had made a different film than the one promised, and refused to pay On My Own the €11 million advance needed to distribute the film internationally.

On June 21, 2011, a Paris court ruled in Lee and On My Own s favor, believing that TF1 failed to honor the contract, which proved disastrous for the film. TF1 was fined €32 million (US$46 million). TF1 was ordered to pay On My Own €20 million in damages, plus a further €1 million for moral prejudice; Lee was awarded €1 million, while screenwriter James McBride received €200,000; TF1 was also ordered to pay €13 million to BNP Paribas to cover the advance it had failed to pay.

In November 2016, trustees of below-the-line Hollywood unions filed a lawsuit against Lee and two of his production companies claiming Lee had failed to pay $45,000 in pension and other health contributions for the crew.

Year	2008
ReleaseDate	2008-09-26
RuntimeMins	160
RuntimeStr	2h 40min
Plot	Set in 1944 Italy, the story of four black American soldiers who get trapped in a Tuscan village during WWII.
Awards	Awards, 1 win & 10 nominations
Directors	Spike Lee
Writers	James McBride
Stars	Derek Luke, Michael Ealy, Laz Alonso
Produced by	Roberto Cicutto,Beatriz Eliza,Jon Kilik,Spike Lee,Luigi Musini,David Pomier,Marco Valerio Pugini,Butch Robinson
Music by	Terence Blanchard
Cinematography by	Matthew Libatique
Film Editing by	Barry Alexander Brown
Casting By	Kim Coleman,Beatrice Kruger,Karen Kaia Livers
Production Design by	Tonino Zera
Art Direction by	Carlo Serafin,Donato Tieppo
Set Decoration by	Cristina Onori
Costume Design by	Carlo Poggioli
Makeup Department	Belinda Anderson,Brian Badie,Dana Boisseau,Francesca Buccellato,Claudia Catini,Larry M. Cherry,Giuseppe Desiato,Roxanne Ferguson,Massimiliano Gelo,Anita Gibson,Mirella Ginnoto,Federico Laurenti,Flavio Ligorio,Antonio Maltempo,Arianna Palmucci,Stefania Santinelli,Fabrizio Sforza,Takisha Sturdivant,Carla Vicenzino,Dionne Wynn
Production Management	Luca Fortunato Asquini,Sara Asquini,Fabrizio Cerato,Colin Cumberbatch,Stefano Dalla Lana,Pietro Lapertosa,Alessandro Manni,Attilio Moro,David Pomier,Oak Porcelli,Jeff Robinson,Marcus Turner
Second Unit Director or Assistant Director	Franco Basaglia,Fabrizio Bava,Ernest R. Dickerson,Mike Ellis,Tracey Hinds,Gianluca Mangiasciutti,Luca Padrini,Carlo Paramidani,Leopoldo Pescatore,Michael A. Pinckney,Fabrizio Procaccini,Gwyn Sannia,Alessia Silvetti,Jordan Stone
Art Department	Livio Alessandrini,Carlo Aloisio,Riccardo Andreotti,Saverio Andrisani,Marco Aureli,Daniele Bacciu,Marco Bagnoli,Marzio Bardi,James Bono,Eric Breaux,Nicola Bucci,Russell Bullock,Peter Bundrick,Giuseppe Cafagna,Giancarlo Carbonaro,Roberto Caruso,Claudio Cecilia,Monique Champagne,Joe Coppola,Damian J. Costa,Vincenzo Cutri,Davide De Joannon,Anthony Dimeo,Cristiano Donzelli,Paolo Dore,Natalie N. Dorset,Tommaso Dubla,Sandro Ercolini,Davide Franconieri,Sarah Frank,Antonio Fraulo,Mario Ghinassi,Luca Giampaoli,Samuele Giardina,Costantino Giganti,Raffaella Giovannetti,Alex Gorodetsky,Fabio Grassi,Giampaolo Grassi,Jon Graubarth,Mike Hartney,Richard Hebrank,T.W. John House,Mark Johanson,Robert Keller,Fred Kolo,Steve Krieger,Luci Leary,Viviana Lo Russo,Roberto Magagnini,Sarah A. Maine,Fabio Marconi,James McDonagh,Lorenzo Monaca,Stefano Morbidelli,Scotty Morris,Antonio Murer,Sebastiano Murer,Alan Muzeni,Stefano Nagni,Bernadino Nardoni,Christopher Nelson,Quang Nguyen,Marco Orsini,Darin J. Patterson,James Pesce,Mike Platarote Jr.,Robert Puchalsky,Kevin L. Raper,Gianpaolo Rifino,Vincent A. Romano,Daniel Rosenfeld,Danilo Rossiello,Luciano Rossiello,Letizia Santucci,Joseph Sargo,Alessio Schenone,Antonio Schiavulli,Regis Scott,Enrichetto Serantoni,Paola Sforzini,Claudio Stefani,Jim Sten,Federico Vianelli,Armando Vici,Bryan Walsh,Steve Walters,Rachel Watanabe-Batton,Markus Wittmann,Guido Zera,Nathalie Baldascini,Leonardo Cruciano,Thomas Jones,Dawn Masi,Scotty Morris,Luigi Ottolino
Sound Department	Gina Alfano,Maurizio Argentieri,David Arnold,Jamie Baker,Kam Chan,Marko A. Costanzo,Rich Crescenti,Kay Denmark,Adriano Di Lorenzo,Antonio Dolce,Ryan Farris,Chris Fielder,Tom Fleischman,Eugene Gearty,Larry Hopkins,Bret Johnson,Frank Kern,George A. Lara,Marissa Littlefield,Samuel Miille,Reza Moosavi,Gabriele Moretti,Branka Mrkic,Richard Murphy,Vincenzo Nardi,Angela Organ,Jan Petrov,Schavaria Reeves,Alessandro Savino,Reuben Simon,Philip Stockton,Paul Tirone,Joe White,Larry Wineland,Allan Zaleski,Ron Bedrosian,Danila Colamatteo,Eugene Gearty,Douglas Murray,Fred Rosenberg,T.A. Williams
Special Effects by	Daniel Acon,Renato Agostini,Danilo Bollettini,Fred Buchholz,Marco Corridori,Steven Kirshoff,Domenico Matera,Claudio Quaglietti,Franco Ragusa,Silvano Scasseddu,John Stifanich,Luigi Battestelli
Visual Effects by	Okan Ataman,Jerome Bakum,Brian Barlettani,Jill Brooks,Grady Cofer,Trevor Hazel,Sherry Hitch,Frankie Kwak,Lorraine LeBer,Kevin May,C.J. Neff,Marla Newall,Michael Ross-Lang,Gregory Salter,Brad Schaider,Michael Van Eps,Robert Weaver,Mark Youngren,Patrick Clancey,Gus Duron,Sarah Grieshammer,Shaina Holmes,Lindsay M. Hoppe,Justin Israel,Paulina Kuszta,John M. Levin,Thomas Mathai,W. Regan McGee
Stunts	Giorgio Antonini,Paolo Antonini,Carlo Antonioni,Mauro Balmas,Alessandro Borgese,Eros Conforti,Akouala Cristel Julien,Piotr Karter,Mustafa M Bengue,Stefano Maria Mioni,Alessandro Novelli,Emiliano Novelli,Alpha Ogbuokir,Marco Pancrazi,Wilson Peres,Federico Regazzo,Franco Maria Salamon,David Ambrosi,Mauro Aversano,Jacqueline Freda,Paul Hornsby,Valentina Paradiso,Catia Pasqualoni,Massimo Racca,Gabriele Ragusa,Massimiliano Ubaldi
Camera and Electrical Department	Jacopo Addini,Tony Arnaud,Giampaolo Bagala,Emiliano Bambusi,Roberto Barbona,Sergio Barrero,Daniel Beaman,Alessandro Bertucci,Jacob Borck,Bernard X. Brongniart,Kevin Cahill,Alessandro Cardelli,Chip Carey,Craig Carter,Duane Chan-Shue,Layne Chaney,Jack Coffen,Stephen Consentino,Divine Cox,Lamont Crawford,Maurizio Cremisini,Nick Cupkovic,Gavin Curran,Simone D Onofrio,Simona De Lullo,Julian J. Delacruz,Aldo Di Berardino,Ernest R. Dickerson,Chris Drechsler,David Elwell,Kris Enos,Andrea Fioravanti,Pyare Fortunato,Claudio Frollano,Tony Fungrey,Sergio Gabrielli,David Giorgio,Samuel A. Gonzalez Jr.,Marco Graziaplena,Charlie Grubbs,Penelope Helmer,Gary Hildebrand,Hardwick Johnson,Jasper Johnson,Michael D. Kennedy,David Lee,Michael A. Leo,Gus Limberis,Julian Lord,Simone Lucchetti,Mitch Malpica,Paolo Marchetti,Edgar Martin,Luca Martis,Jim Mayo,Dave McAllister,Sean McCardell,James McMillan,Guido Mestre,Tim Metivier,Franco Micheli,Erskin Mitchell,Mike Montgomery,Robert Morrison,Scott Morrison,Aldo Napoleoni,Mirko Palermi,Claudio Palmieri,Steve Peloquin,Giorgio Perluigi,Luke Porterfield,Douglas G. Price,Carlo Quattrone,Edward Read,Guillaume Renberg,Carlo Rinaldi,Massimo Rinella,Ryan Rodriguez,Peter Russell,Roberto Ruzzolini,Luca Sardini,Ricardo Sarmiento,Claudio Serantoni,Wayne Sharp,Danilo Simotti,Steve Singerman,Enrico Stella,Massimiliano Sticchi,Derrick Still,Jeff Taylor,Emanuele Tiberti,Paolo Tiberti,Pietro Tiberti,Emiliano Topai,Virginia Torna,Mauro Toscano,Daniele Traettino,Mark van Rossen,Gabriel Velasco,John Velez,Fabrizio Vicari,Art Villasenor,Kevin Vincent,Patrick Wade,Derrick L. West,Aurelia Winborn,John Woods,Francesco Zaccaria,Tommy Maddox-Upshaw,Reza Moosavi,Armando Orsolini,Jerrold Ridenour,Cristiano Sergioli,Davide Zanetti
Casting Department	Barone Francesca,Mo Link,Karen Kaia Livers,Veronika Mancino,James Mottram,Cristina Raffaeli,Winsome Sinclair,Eve Streger,Jessica Munks
Costume and Wardrobe Department	Luca Canfora,Giorgio Cantelli,Giovanni Casalnuovo,Vanessa Crane,Luigi Di Cristo,Marco Fantoni,Chris Field,Sandi Figueroa,Serena Fiumi,Gastone Grassi,Giampaolo Grassi,Giampiero Grassi,Christy Hebert,Claire Hedlund,Rebecca Higginson,Monica Iacuzzo,Saskia Irrgang,Jessica Jahn,Giovanni Lipari,Elsa Malandra,Adriana Mattiozzi,Rossella Mautone,Elizabeth Muxi,Anna Orazi,Luciano Parisi,Enzo Serafino Pellegrino,Anina Pinter,Leeann Radeka,Monica Ruiz-Ziegler,Salvatore Salzano,Laura Sewrey,Maria Taddei,Paul Tazewell,Aldo Urzini,Maria Pia Viselli,Maurizio Vitiello,Lesley D. Wickham
Editorial Department	Christopher Aguis,Stephanie Blackwood,Steve Bowen,Sam Daley,Ryan Denmark,Beth Dewey,Roland Eisinger,Curtis Lindersmith,Sarah McTeigue,Monique McWilliams,Monica Mingo,Gareth Molan,Nazzareno Neri,Robert E. Phillips,Sven Pohl,Njoroge Thiong o,Colen C. Wiley,Mike Nuget,Catherine Rowe
Location Management	Gerardo Albero,Leonardo Cellai,Saverio Del Zio,Daniele Di Biasi,Jerad Janke,Robin Melville,Ramon Panzavolta,Tim Stacker,Matthew Sullivan,Daniel Tresca,Joseph White,R. Bryan Wright,Danielle Poret,Stephan Roux,Kendall Wiltz
Music Department	Nico Abondolo,Timothy Adams Jr.,Timothy Adams,Beaufort Addison III,Eun-Mee Ahn,Fabian Almazan,John Alston III,Gabriel Armsted,Neal Arp II,Philip Ayling,Steve Becknell,Vincent Bennett,Robert Berg,Adam Blake,Terence Blanchard,Justin J. Blyden,Gary Bovyer,DJ Brady,Jacqueline Brand,Rob Brophy,Robert Brophy,David Brown,Thomas A. Brown,Denyse Buffum,Robin Burgess,Trevor Burton,Eve Butler,Caroline Campbell,Darius Campo,Roberto Cani,Mark Cargill,Raynor Carroll,Jordan Casson,Ron Clark,Stuart Clark,Giovana Clayton,Reginald Cleaver Jr.,Bryan Clements,Tyrone Clinton Jr.,Paul Cohen,Kevin Connolly,Anthony Cooke,Tony Cooke,Rose Corrigan,Mario De Leon,Sandy DeCrescent,Brian Dembow,Drew Dembowski,Christopher Desmangles,Thomas Diener,Matt Dine,Everett Dixon,George Doering,Howard Drossin,Andrew Duckles,David Duke,Bruce Dukov,Karen Elaine,Karim Elmahmoudi,Steve Erdody,Mark Eshelman,Alan Estes,Nina Evtuhov,David Ewart,Nick Fevola,Michael Fisher,Samuel Formicola,Donald T. Foster,Matthew Funes,Cameron Alvin Gachett,Rick Gerding,Julie Gigante,Chaz Gipson,Pamela Goldsmith,Endre Granat,Keith Greene,Michael E. Grego,Gerard Grigsby,James Grisson,Henry Gronnier,Alan Grunfeld,Jennie Hansen,Tamara Hatwan,Sean Haythe,Amy Hershberger,Oscar Hidalgo,Marcus Hill,Paula Hochhalter,Derrick Hodge,The Hollywood Studio Symphony,Marcus Hopkins Turner,Tiffany Y. Hu,Alexander Iles,Jeannie Isaacs,Piotr Jandula,Alexander Jarcke,Chancellor Jenkins,Dominique Jones,Steve Juliani,Dennis Karmazyn,Daniel Kelley,Jenny Kim,Paul Klintworth,Miran Kojian,Aimie Kreston,Ken Kugler,Jen Kuhn,Timothy Landauer,Alexander Lee,Songa Lee,Natalie Leggett,Dimitrie Leivici,Jon Lewis,Peter Limonick,Dane Little,Michael J. Lloyd,London Symphony Orchestra,Charlie Loper,Greg Loskorn,Kenneth Lyons Jr.,Earl Madison,Jon Manasse,Shawn Mann,Marina Manukian,Frank Marocco,Liane Mautner,Darrin McCann,Marisa McLeod,Malcolm McNab,Ed Meares,Layla Minoui,Victoria Miskolczy,Darren Moore,Jorge Moraga,Morehouse College Glee Club,Bruce Morgenthaler,Yvonne S. Moriarty,Kristy Morrell,Marvin R. Morris,David Morrow,Michael Morton,Derek Mosley,Cynthia Moussas,Travis Murray,Helen Nightengale,Boris Nixon,Cheryl Norman,Barbara Northcutt,Mike Nowak,Brian O Connor,Michael O Donovan,Jarrett O Neal,Sheldon Ogbourne,Sid Page,Alyssa Park,Sara Parkins,Michael Pelavin,Barry Perkins,Karie Prescott,Roselani Ptacek,Halsey Quemere,Lambert Rahming,Bill Reichenbach,Micah Richardson,Cassandra Richburg,Rafael Rishik,Demarcus Roberts,William Roper,Jay Rosen,Anatoly Rosinsky,Robin Ross,Geraldine Rotella,Geri Rotella,Peter Rotter,Robert Sanders,Marc Sazer,Steve Schaeffer,Joel Scheuneman,George Kim Scholes,Kendrick Scott,Charles Seatoni,Justin Shaw,Harry Shirinian,Andrew Shulman,Marcus Sjowall,Aaron O. Smith,Christina Soule,David Speltz,Tereza Stanislav,Jermaine Stegall,Braxton C. Street,Lisa M. Sutton,Maki Suzuki,Lesa Terry,Brandon P. Thomas,Gemayel Thompson,Sarah Thornblade,Darryl Thuxton,Richard Todd,Cecilia Tsan,Joann Turovsky,Michael Valerio,Karen Van Sant,Justen C. Vanderbilt,Josefina Vergara,Leonardo Vieira,Shalini Vijayan,Karl Vincent,Irina Voloshina,Brandon Waddles,James Walker,David Walther,Robert Watt,Ben Watters,Tyrone Webb,Roger Wilkie,Maurice D. Wilkins,Don Williams,Frank Wolf,Maurice Wright II,Kenneth Yerke,Harrell D. Young,Reginald Young,Tyron Young,The Hollywood Studio Symphony
Script and Continuity Department	Eleonora Baldwin,Paola Mengoni,Wendy Lee Roberts
Transportation Department	Mac Alsfeld,Vinny Amerouso,Giovanni Antonini,Larry Arceneaux,Ennio Battarelli,Theo Lupino Benzakein,Alessandro Beranzoli,Paolo Bernardini,Bennett Bunch,Eddie Buzzo,Walter Calderari,Vincenzo Calera,Cesare Cantiano,Walter Casarotto,Primo Cavani,Mauro Cecchini,Walker Butch Chaney,Mirko Cherubini,Sandro Cittadini,Peter Clores,Greg Clovel,Jim Collins,Keith N. Collis,Tom Crowe,Antonino Cucillo,Diego D Andrea,Roberto D Angeli,Marco Di Francesco,Maurizio Di Giulio,Walter Divona,Antico Domenico,Bob Donavan,Charlie Fay,Joseph Fay,Ezio Fioravanti,Luciano Folchi,Anthony Forester,Patrick Gentilezza,Mauro Giambernardino,Mauro Giammaria,Agostino Giancarli,Luigi Gianforchetti,Federico Gnaccarini,Fabio Gobbetti,Matteo Gottardis,Kevin Griffith,Mario Guida,Bill Isaacson,Joe Johnson,Steve Johnson,Jim Kelly,Harry J. Leavey,James Leavey,Tom Leavey,William Leavey,Robert Leddy,Edgardo Marchetti,Claudio Mattia,Dario Mercuri,Carlo Nevola,Antonio Nigro,Stefano Orabona,John Palumbo,Francesco Pietrasanti,Paolo Racalbulto,John Rainey,Luca Ricciardi,Caesar Rivera,Jim Robin,Massimiliano Rocchetti,Antionne Rolle,Enrico Salotti,Giuseppe Santoni,Michele Sardina,Claudio Saulli,Angelo Scalia,Franco Schappa,Massimiliano Semproni,Giovanni Battista Serra,Domenico Silvestri,Baciu Sorin,Bernardino Sperduti,Sava Stoian,Massimiliano Taglioni,Massimo Vergari,Stefano Vergari,Raffaello Vignoli,Oranz Walker
Additional Crew	Kaliman Abioto,Rudy Acosta Medina,Sharon Alexander Richardson,Judy Aley,Peter Anders,T.D. Antoine,Adam Babin,Natalia Barbosa,Matteo Bardelli,Francesca Barone,Tatiana Basili,Raffaele Battistelli,Jackie Bazan,Mona Bernal,Barbara Bevacqua,Luca Bitonte,Hélio Bodini,Rebecca Booth,Simone Brigida,Desiree Brown,Nicholas Brown,Billy Budd,Casey Bundick,Jerome Butler,Nikki Byrd,Renee Caesar,Massimo Cardajoli,B.J. Carey,Heather Carey,Jonas Carpignano,Neil Carter,Flavia Cavallo,Duccio Chiarini,Margherita Chiti,Massimo Ciaraglia,Lionel Cineas Jr.,Federica Cinquepalmi,Francesco Civita,Lauren Clouatre,Corvell Colebrook,Christian Collovà,Adonay Marin Conde,Raffaella Conti,Giusi Cortese,Daniele Cucchiaro,Patrick Cullen,Giulio Cura,Maurizio Cusano,Luca D Alberto,Dennis Davidson,Flavio De Simone,Paolo Del Bravo,Ugo Di Tullio,Blake Drummond,Federica Durigon,Leah Eneas,Tommaso Fabiani,Joe Facey,Alessandra Fais,Elisa Favilli,Rita Favone,Sonali Fernando,Maria Fiorito,Nerina Fiumanò,Alessandra Fortuna,Jennifer Zolten Freed,Chiara Frosi,Geralle Gabriel,Hauke Gahrmann,Gianluca Gamberini,Rebecca Garland,Roderick Garr,Rose Geddes,Cecile George,Ignazio Giovacchini,Christian Giuliani,Iolanda Greci,Valentina Guidi,Giulia Guiducci,Chris Hadlock,Susan Hormuth,Andrew Horn,Paul Hornsby,Morgan Howard,Peter Hutchison,Stefania Ippoliti,Eddie Joe,Rasheeda Johnson,Samuel Jerome Johnson,Kevin Jolly,Dianne Jones,Cody Judson,Bethanne Kelleher,Michael R. Kern,Doe Kim-Corcoran,Marilena La Ferrara,Jason Lampkin,Marco Landolfi,Cinqué Lee,Mario Locurcio,Stefano Lorenzi,Zakiya Lucas,Marco Lupi,Maurizio Lurci,Daniela Macrillo,Paula P. Manzanedo,Carlotta Manzoli,Marcela Marambio,Valentina Marianini,Marinella Marinelli,Alessandro Martino,Luigi Marzullo,Patrizia Mastromei,Erica Matyas,Lindsay Medeiros,Raffaella Monte,Roberta Munafo,Sam Neely,Winston Newton,Sara Pampaloni,Alessandro Pantano,Heather Parish,Mauro Pellegrini,Lidia Pellegrinotti,Giampiero Pelusi,Kia Perry,Edoardo Petti,Mike Phillips,Jimmie Pinckney,Patrizia Pizzini,Guendalina Ponti,Mark Porta,Henry Previl,Angela Quiles,Nicco Quiñones,Dana Reaves Bolla,Johnnie Ruth Richey,Jerico Rinaldi,Omar Roberts,Jonathan W. Robinson III,Butch Robinson,Joanne Rolle,Doreen Roman,Scott D. Rosenbaum,Paola Rossi,Letizia Ruggiero,Thomas Russell,Loredana Russo,Francisco Rutelli,Stephen L. Saltzman,Elena Santamaria,Attilia de Mario Sartor,Andrea Satriani,Byron Saunders,Heidrun Schleef,Axel Schumacher,Carmen L. Scott,Archie Strachan,Luciano Tartaglia,Zarida Teel,Jessica Thorne,Elena Tiberi,Andrea Tolomei,Luca Tolomei,Simone Tomei,Freddy Turner,Martina Veltroni,Raphael Tobia Vogel,Rick Ward,Axel Wittenberg,Max B. Young,Garson Yu,Will Zinser,Ian Bell,Daniele Fabrizi,Jim Jaffe,Liz Modena,Romani Nadia,Eden Marie Picazo,Paola Rossi,Heli Soell
Thanks	A. William Perry
Genres	Action, Drama, War
Companies	Touchstone Pictures, 40 Acres & A Mule Filmworks, On My Own
Countries	Italy, USA
Languages	English, German, Italian
ContentRating	R
ImDbRating	6.1
ImDbRatingVotes	18686
MetacriticRating	37
Keywords	year 1984,1980s,1940s,partisan,behind enemy lines